Traumatic brachial plexus injuries in children, excluding birth palsy, were seldom reported. In this study, we report 11 cases operated upon between 1995 and 1998, and followed for at least 30 months. All patient were males with an average age of 11 years (range six to 16 years). The denervation time averaged four months (range one to eight months). Eight patients had two or more root avulsions; two of them had additional severe infraclavicular injuries. A total of six grafting and 25 extraplexal neurotization procedures were used. Donor nerves included the intercostal nerves, phrenic nerve, spinal accessory nerve , and contralateral C7 root. Elbow flexion was restored in all but two cases. Shoulder abduction varied from 30 to 90 degrees according to the method of reconstruction. Triceps recovered in two cases and finger and wrist extensors in one case. Wrist and finger flexion was obtained in one case. Sensory recovery in the palm reached S2/S2+. Harvesting the phrenic nerve and the contralateral C7 root resulted in no residual morbidity. Compared to adults, children have higher incidence of root avulsions, same recovery rate of elbow and shoulder functions following plexus reconstruction, but recovery is faster. In case of avulsion of the upper roots, we recommend neurotization of the musculocutaneous nerve with the intercostal nerves, and neurotization of the axillary and suprascapular nerves with the spinal accessory and phrenic nerves. In case of total avulsion, the median nerve, in addition, is neurotized with the contralateral C7 root via vascularized ulnar nerve graft. When C5 is spared, it can be used to neurotize the musculocutaneous nerve or posterior division of the upper trunk.